Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection that results in small, raised, pearl-like bumps on the skin. Although it is generally harmless, it can be a source of concern due to its appearance and potential for spreading. At Skinsol Dermatology, we offer effective treatment options to manage and eliminate molluscum contagiosum, restoring your skin’s health and appearance.
What is Molluscum Contagiosum?
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus in the poxvirus family. The infection leads to small, firm, raised lesions with a central dimple that can vary in size. These bumps are typically flesh-colored or white and may occur anywhere on the body. Although molluscum is most commonly seen in children, it can affect individuals of any age. It is often spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by sharing personal items such as towels or razors.
Causes and Risk Factors
The primary cause of molluscum contagiosum is infection with the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV). It is typically transmitted through:
Skin-to-skin contact: The virus is easily spread through physical contact, making it common in families, daycare settings, and among those with compromised immune systems.
Shared personal items: The virus can spread through items like towels, razors, or gym equipment that come into contact with infected skin.
Sexual contact: Molluscum contagiosum can also be transmitted through sexual contact, causing lesions in the genital area.
Weakened immune system: People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or those undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to the infection and may experience more widespread lesions.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing molluscum contagiosum is straightforward and typically involves a visual examination of the skin. A healthcare provider will look for characteristic bumps with a central indentation, which are usually enough to make a diagnosis. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed if the lesions appear unusual or if the diagnosis is uncertain.
Treatment Options
While molluscum contagiosum often resolves on its own, treatment can help speed up the healing process and prevent the spread of the infection. Treatment options include:
Cryotherapy: Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze the lesions, causing them to fall off. This is an effective treatment but may cause temporary discomfort and scarring.
Topical treatments: Prescription creams such as imiquimod or podophyllotoxin can be used to stimulate the immune system to fight the virus and promote healing.
Curettage: A dermatologist can use a small surgical instrument to remove the lesions physically. This treatment is typically done under local anesthesia.
Laser therapy: In certain cases, laser treatments can be used to destroy the lesions and promote healing.
Observation: In mild cases, simply monitoring the condition may be recommended as the lesions often resolve without treatment, particularly in children.
Prevention
To prevent the spread of molluscum contagiosum, consider the following precautions:
Avoid direct contact: Do not touch the affected areas or the lesions of others. Avoid skin-to-skin contact with someone who has molluscum contagiosum.
Don’t share personal items: Refrain from sharing towels, razors, or other personal items that may come into contact with the skin.
Practice good hygiene: Wash hands regularly and keep the affected area clean and dry.
Avoid scratching: Avoid scratching or picking at the lesions, as this can spread the infection to other parts of the body or to others.
